Oakton Symptoms Causes & Treatments Psychological Disorders Study Guide Paper

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Oakton Symptoms Causes & Treatments Psychological Disorders Study Guide Paper Oakton Symptoms Causes & Treatments Psychological Disorders Study Guide Paper ORDER NOW FOR CUSTOMIZED AND ORIGINAL NURSING PAPERS Home > Humanities > Oakton Symptoms Causes & Treatments Psychological Disorders Study Guide Paper Question Description I need support with this Psychology question so I can learn better. There are 29 questions, but some of them need the book. in that case do what ever you can do at you best. For question #19 , folks who feel a need to check locks and appliances might have had a scary experience once–like an overheated appliance leading to a fire or experience a home invasion when the doors weren’t locked. OR they could have heard a scare story from someone else along these lines. OR they could have been frighted by seeing a parent become very concerned with doors being locked, etc. For question #20 , this is explained in a video I showed in class on “Rewiring the Anxious Brain.” As you might recall, the woman discusses how important it is for us to face our fears–and to prevent our typical avoidance response. Therefore, this is called “exposure (to fear) and response prevention (of avoidance).” We need to learn to stop maing our typical response of avoiding what we fear and instead learn to face our fears–but in small steps. There’s two minute version of this idea discussed in: https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=NjQZhC7bKps For question #21, anyone who receives excessive criticism and/or extinction will begin to feel depressed. This depression then can lead to negative thinking and rumination accompanied by low levels of activity. Both of these are understandable responses but will make things go from bad to worse. This can develop into a vicious negative downward cycle. There is a way out of course–what is it? Learn more constructive, healthier cognitive and behavioral responses to our set-backs. Oakton Symptoms Causes & Treatments Psychological Disorders Study Guide Paper. For question#22, the neurons in our pleasure centers need to be exercised in order develop proper neural connections–just as do the neurons in our language centers and in our music centers. Unfortunately, some children experience very low levels of pleasure during their childhood so are living with pleasure centers that have poorly developed neural networks. An important clarification is that there are temperamental differences among children from the start! Around 15% of infants reveal an overly sensitive and reactive nervous system–more males than females–making them more susceptible to anxiety. And around 15% of infants reveal an overly low level of energy–more females than males–making them more susceptible to developing depression. Unformatted Attachment Preview Study Guide for Symptoms, Causes & Treatments of Psychological Disorders 1. The two categories of abnormal behavior that psychologists focuses on because they cause abnormal levels of internal stress—excessive anxiety and excessive depression. (To p. 496, The Biopsychosocial Model) The biopsychosocial model of psychological disorders proposes that there are three major causes—biological, psychological and sociological. Briefly explain each: a) Biological: b) Psychological: c) Sociological: 2. (To p. 497, Classifying Psychological Disorders) Explain what purpose is served by the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders). The third edition of the DSM has then been revised three additional times in 1994, in 2000 and then again in 2013. Why do you think there has been a need for the DSM to be revised six times? What does the DSM provide for each diagnosis? 3. (To p. 498, Criticisms and Weaknesses of the DSM) One major criticism “is that DSM labels too many conditions that are quite normal as a form of mental illnesses.” Provide examples of this. 4. Look at Figure 15.2 on p. 499. The implications are that 50% of adults experience a psychological disorder. Explain. Many believe that both normal anxiety and normal depressed moods are being misdiagnosed as a psychiatric disorder. What factors do you think could explain this tendency toward over diagnosis? 5. (To p. 501) Describe the thinking patterns common among those with generalized anxiety disorder. 6. Describe the behavioral symptoms experienced by those with panic disorder. 7. (pp. 501-502) ) Describe the symptoms of panic disorder—which are basically a strong stress response of the autonomic nervous system: 8. Why do those with panic disorder also experience fear of going out in public— agoraphobia—as well as fear being around others—social phobia? a) agoraphobia: b) social phobia: 9. Describe some common behavioral treatments used for panic attacks. 10. (To p. 503, “What’s the Evidence on p. 503–Learning Fear through Observation) All of us can learn fears of germs, snakes, bees or whatever by observing another person who exhibits a fear response to any of these stimuli. Oakton Symptoms Causes & Treatments Psychological Disorders Study Guide Paper. Explain how an experiment illustrated that monkeys can learn a fear of snakes through observational learning. 11. (Figure 15.5 on p. 504) Explain how the images of the lab-reared monkey in scenario a compared to the lab-reared monkey in scenario b demonstrate that monkeys’ fear of snakes is not inborn but learned. 12. Classical conditioning not only explains how we all learn fears—as a fear of dogs if we were chased by one or a fear of needles if we once received a painful shot. Children who grow up around very anxious and/or over-reactive parents learn to associate anxiety with lots of different experiences. For example, if parents show an intense fear of germs, the child could learn to also fear germs. It would work as follows: Unconditioned Stimulus Unconditioned Response Parents fear response induces Child’s fear response Then Conditioned Stimulus just seeing germs induces Conditioned Response Child’s fear response. I once saw a mother become very upset and screaming when she saw her daughter get hurt on a sledding hill. Explain how this experience classically condition her daughter to have a fear of sledding? 13. (To p. 505, Treatment for Phobias) Describe the behavioral therapy for fears called systematic desensitization using real life experiences as well as virtual reality. 14. *Desensitization is a common form of behavioral therapy called exposure and response prevention therapy—or ERP. We only can lose our fears by facing them— and we can do this if we are exposed to our fear in small steps. How is this illustrated in the following video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4NgToMnMqeA 15. After reading the following, explain why exercise and relaxation reduce anxiety disorders. Exercise is a natural stress buster and anxiety reliever. Research shows that as little as 30 minutes of exercise three to five times a week can provide significant anxiety relief. To achieve the maximum benefit, aim for at least an hour of aerobic exercise on most days. Oakton Symptoms Causes & Treatments Psychological Disorders Study Guide Paper. Relaxation techniques such as mindfulness meditation and progressive muscle relaxation, when practiced regularly, can reduce anxiety and increase feelings of emotional well-being. 16. (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder) OCD involves repetitive obsessions or thoughts as well as compulsive repetitive actions. And it’s the obsessive thoughts that lead to compulsive behaviors. So if I think obsessively about being contaminated by germs, what behavior will it lead me to start doing? Washing my hands of course. After viewing the following scene from the film, The Aviator, describe the classic OCD behavior patterns of the character being played by Leonardo DiCaprio. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2fXF8G50BPQ 17. DiCaprio is playing Howard Hughes—a man who had such an extreme fear of germs that he spent the last 20 years of his life living alone in hotel rooms. He learned his fear from his very overprotective mother. How do you think his mom taught her son to fear germs so much that he finally felt a need to avoid all social interactions? 18. (To p. 506—Distrusting Memory) How does distrusting one’s memory lead to repeated checking? However, research has demonstrated that repeated checking can lead all of us to have less distinct memories. Explain. 19. What type of experiences do you think could cause someone to become overly concerned about unlocked doors and unplugged appliances? 20. We can unlearn fears by being exposed to them in small steps without taking prevention action—trying to escape. Describe how exposure and response prevention behavioral therapy could help someone with each of the following fears: a) fear of germs: b) fear of not checking that the doors are locked 20 times: 21. Depression is as common as the common cold. Oakton Symptoms Causes & Treatments Psychological Disorders Study Guide Paper. When receiving an excessive amount of punishment and/or extinction, we become discouraged and depressed. This is turn causes negative thinking and withdrawn and passive. Why will this response to depression make a person feel even more depressed? 22. Recent research has shown that children who receive excessive amounts of discouraging feedback develop neural networks in their brain that are less responsive to pleasure. How can this be explained by brain plasticity? 23. To p. 515—Treatments for Major Depression) Explain how antidepressant medications are able to increase our brain’s arousal neurotransmitters. 24. (p. 516, Depressed Cognition and Cognitive Therapy) How is the fourth explanation for failing a test different (and less helpful) compared to the first three explanations? 25. Describe what cognitive therapy focuses on to help people reduce their depression. 26. Read the following short article on cognitive-behavioral therapy and then summarize the strategies used to reduce depression that go beyond simply talking about your feelings. HOW COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL THERAPY WORKS: CBT can be divided into its behavioral and cognitive components. • Cognitive component. With the support of your therapist, you will learn to identify the negative distorted thinking that creates negative emotions. You will both then question the validity of these emotions, and you will explore new and alternative balanced thoughts. You uncover your core negative beliefs and discuss how they have affected you. This is a very important part of treatment, as negative thoughts create a lack of energy, focus, and motivation. CBT re-educates you to be more realistic in terms of your thinking, which then helps alleviate your depression. You’ll also be given the chance to explore where your negative core beliefs stem from. You’ll be urged to explore whether there is actually any real evidence for or against these. • Behavioral component. Throughout the behavioral aspect of treatment, your therapist will guide you to measure and assess how your daily routine and activities have an impact on your mood. Your therapist encourages you to explore how your behaviors can help alleviate and improve your depression symptoms. Your therapist helps you to develop a plan of positive action based on your behaviors, which includes a list of activities in order from easy to more difficult to achieve. As you master the activities from easier to harder, you’ll begin to experience feelings of achievement, and your depression lessens. CBT doesn’t just end at the clinic or facility, though. An essential component of treating your illness successfully is practicing your exercises at home and in stressful situations. This prompts you to have a more rational approach to life to lessen the intensity of negative emotions. Your Summary: 27. (To p. 518) Schizophrenia occurs when a person’s brain is in a constant manic state. Describe the three major symptoms of this disorder—hallucinations, delusions and disorder speech. a) b) c) 28. (To p. 522) What types of medications are prescribed for those diagnosed with schizophrenia and why? 29. Describe the common side-effects of these medications. … Purchase answer to see full attachment Get a 10 % discount on an order above $ 100 Use the following coupon code : NURSING10

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