politics of budgeting process exam

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QUESTION 1

1. According to Irene Rubin, executive and legislative budget powers 
   Are exactly equal at the federal level.
   Differ depending on the nature of the Chief Executive’s veto power.
   Are generally consolidated in the legislature at the state level.
   None of the above.

5 points   

QUESTION 2

 Please explain in detail your answer to the question above. 

QUESTION 3

1. The federal budgeting process

   Can more accurately be considered two loosely linked processes.
   Involves the annual approval of expenditures by the appropriations committees.
   Involves approval of expenditures that are not subject to annual approval by the appropriations committees.
   All of the answers  

2. None of the answers

QUESTION 4

1. Please explain in detail your answer to the question above.

QUESTION 5

1. State and local governments 
2. Generally have less complicated but more fragmented decision-making.
   Generally have more complicated but less fragmented decision-making.
   Generally have a process that is dominated by the legislative branch.
3. Generally have a process that is dominated by the executive branch.
   None of the above. 

QUESTION 6

1. Please explain in detail your answer to the question above.

According to Irene Rubin, the public budgeting process

Is relatively unimportant because it is based on generally accepted accounting principles.

Is less important than spending or taxing policy.

Has substantial impacts on the distribution of political power and public policy outcomes.

All of the above.

None of the above.

QUESTION 8

1. Please explain in detail your answer to the question above.

QUESTION 9

1. Political actors often view the opportunity to shape the budget process
2. As a method of influencing who more often wins and looses in what they see as a competition for government recourses.
3. As a method of carrying out large shifts in public policy.
   As a method of achieving political gains for their political party.
   All of the above.Only 1 and 3 above

QUESTION 10

1. Please explain in detail your answer to the question above.